SEE 2081 Computer Science Board Paper

1

तलका प्रश्नहरूको एक वाक्यमा उत्तर दिनुहोस् ।

Answer the following questions in one sentence:

(a) दूरसञ्चार भनेको के हो ?

(a) What is telecommunication?

✓ Answer

Telecommunication is the transmission of information (voice, data, text, images, or video) over significant distances using electronic means such as telephone, radio, television, internet, or satellite systems.

Telecommunication = long-distance electronic communication using wire, radio, optical, or other electromagnetic systems.

(b) Simplex Mode का दुईओटा उदाहरणहरू उल्लेख गर्नुहोस् ।

(b) Give any two examples of simplex mode.

✓ Answer

Simplex mode is a one-way communication where data flows in only one direction. Examples:

Television broadcasting — signal sent from station to TV
Radio broadcasting — signal from radio station to receiver
Keyboard to CPU (one way input)

(c) एम्. एस. एक्सेसमा टेबल सृजना गर्ने कुनै दुई विधिहरू उल्लेख गर्नुहोस् ।

(c) Write any two methods of creating table in MS-Access.

✓ Answer

Two methods of creating a table in MS-Access:

Design View — Manually define fields, data types and properties.
Datasheet View — Directly enter data; Access creates fields automatically.

(d) एम्. एस. एक्सेसमा तपाईं फिल्डको नाम अन्तर्गत maximum character कति सम्म प्रयोग गर्न सक्नुहुन्छ ?

(d) What is the maximum character you can use for creating a field name in MS-Access?

✓ Answer

In MS-Access, a field name can have a maximum of 64 characters.

(e) KILL statement को Syntax लेख्नुहोस् ।

(e) Write the syntax of KILL statement.

✓ Answer

KILL "filename.ext"

KILL statement is used in QBASIC to delete a file from disk. Example: KILL "student.dat"

(f) C-language मा प्रयोग हुने कुनै दुईओटा keywords लेख्नुहोस् ।

(f) Write any two keywords used in C-language.

✓ Answer

Two keywords used in C-language:

int — declares an integer variable
if — conditional statement keyword

(Others: float, char, for, while, return, void, printf, scanf, etc.)

2

उपयुक्त प्राविधिक शब्द लेख्नुहोस् ।

Write appropriate technical term for the following:

[2×1=2]

(a) WWW मा निर्दिष्ट keyword हरूको आधारमा डकुमेन्टहरू खोज्ने वेबसाइटहरू ।

(a) The websites that search documents for specified keywords in www.

✓ Answer

Search Engine (e.g., Google, Bing, Yahoo)

(b) डिजिटल संसारमा अन्तरक्रियाको छाप ।

(b) The recording of interaction with the digital world.

✓ Answer

Digital Footprint / Digital Trail

3

पुरा रूप लेख्नुहोस् ।

Write the full form of the following:

[2×1=2]

(i) UPS (ii) VR

✓ Answer

UPS — Uninterruptible Power Supply
VR — Virtual Reality

4

तलका प्रश्नहरूको उत्तर दिनुहोस् ।

Answer the following questions:

[9×2=18]

(a) गाइडेड र अनगाइडेड मेडियाहरूमा कुनै दुई भिन्नताहरू छुट्याउनुहोस् ।

(a) Differentiate between guided and unguided media. (Any two)

✓ Answer

Guided Media	Unguided Media
Uses physical medium (cables)	Uses wireless signals (air)
E.g., Twisted pair, coaxial, optical fiber	E.g., Radio waves, microwaves, infrared

(b) 'साइबर कानून' लाई परिभाषित गर्नुहोस् । साइबर नैतिकताको कुनै एक-एक गर्न हुने र नहुने कार्यहरूको सूची तयार पार्नुहोस् ।

(b) Define cyber law. List any one do and one don't of cyber ethics.

✓ Answer

Cyber Law: A set of legal rules and regulations governing the use of the internet, computers, and digital information to prevent cybercrimes and protect users' rights. In Nepal, the Electronic Transaction Act 2063 is the main cyber law.

Do's (गर्न हुने): Use strong passwords, respect others' privacy online. Don'ts (नगर्न हुने): Do not hack others' accounts, do not spread misinformation.

(c) कुनै दुई उदाहरणसहित Antivirus software परिभाषित गर्नुहोस् ।

(c) Define Antivirus software with two examples.

✓ Answer

Antivirus Software: A program designed to detect, prevent, and remove malicious software (viruses, trojans, spyware, ransomware) from a computer system. It regularly scans files, monitors running processes, and updates its virus database.

Examples: Norton Antivirus, Kaspersky, Avast, McAfee, Quick Heal

(d) आजको समयमा ट्रेडिसनल कमर्सभन्दा ई-कमर्स बढी लोकप्रिय हुनुका कुनै दुई कारणहरू उल्लेख गर्नुहोस् ।

(d) Why is e-commerce more popular than traditional commerce nowadays? Give any two reasons.

✓ Answer

24/7 Availability: E-commerce allows shopping at any time from anywhere without visiting physical stores.
Wider Reach & Convenience: Customers can compare products, read reviews, and buy globally with just a few clicks.

(e) 'ई-गभर्नेन्स' भनेको के हो ? नेपालमा अवस्थित 'ई-गभर्नेन्स' सेवाहरूको कुनै दुई उदाहरणहरू दिनुहोस् ।

(e) What is e-governance? Provide any two examples of e-governance services that exist in Nepal.

✓ Answer

E-Governance: The use of ICT (Information and Communication Technology) by the government to deliver public services, share information, and communicate with citizens efficiently.

Nepal E-Governance Examples: 1. Online passport application (Department of Passports) 2. Online tax filing (Inland Revenue Department — IRD)

(f) 'डाटाबेस' भनेको के हो ? MS-Access मा प्रयोग हुने कुनै दुईओटा data types लेख्नुहोस् ।

(f) What is database? Name any two data types used in MS-Access.

✓ Answer

Database: An organized collection of structured data stored electronically in a computer system so that it can be easily accessed, managed, and updated.

MS-Access data types: 1. Text / Short Text 2. Number 3. Date/Time 4. AutoNumber

(g) Field Record बिच भिन्नता लेख्नुहोस् । (कुनै दुई मात्र)

(g) Write the difference between field and record. (Any two)

✓ Answer

Field	Record
A single column of a table	A single row of a table
Represents a category of data (e.g., Name)	Represents one complete data entry

(h) रिपोर्टलाई परिभाषित गर्नुहोस् । DBMS मा रिपोर्ट बनाउन किन आवश्यक छ ?

(h) Define a report. Why is it necessary to create a report in DBMS?

✓ Answer

Report: A formatted, printable document in DBMS that presents summarized data from tables/queries in a structured layout for analysis or presentation.

Why necessary: Reports help in making decisions by presenting data in a readable, organized format that can be printed and distributed to stakeholders.

(i) Query भनेको के हो ? Action query का प्रकारहरू उल्लेख गर्नुहोस् ।

(i) What is query? Mention the different types of Action query.

✓ Answer

Query: A request to retrieve, manipulate or display specific data from a database based on set criteria.

Types of Action Queries in MS-Access: 1. Make-Table Query — creates a new table from query results 2. Update Query — modifies existing records 3. Append Query — adds records to another table 4. Delete Query — removes records matching criteria

5

तल दिइएको प्रोग्रामको आउटपुट लेखी Dry run टेबलमा देखाउनुहोस् ।

Write down the output of the given program and show them in dry run table.

[2]

DECLARE SUB Display (T$)
TS="COMPUTER"
CALL Display (TS)
END

SUB Display (T$)
  FOR C=1 TO LEN(T$) STEP 2
    D$=MID$(T$,C,1)
    PRINT D$;
  NEXT C
END SUB
      

✓ Dry Run & Output

T$ = "COMPUTER", LEN = 8, loop C goes 1, 3, 5, 7 (STEP 2)

C	C ≤ LEN(T$)?	D$ = MID$(T$,C,1)	PRINT D$;
1	1 ≤ 8 ✓	MID$("COMPUTER",1,1) = "C"	C
3	3 ≤ 8 ✓	MID$("COMPUTER",3,1) = "M"	M
5	5 ≤ 8 ✓	MID$("COMPUTER",5,1) = "U"	U
7	7 ≤ 8 ✓	MID$("COMPUTER",7,1) = "E"	E
9	9 ≤ 8 ✗	Loop ends

Output: CMUE

6

तल दिइएको प्रोग्राममा रहेका गल्तीहरूलाई सच्याएर पुन: लेख्नुहोस् ।

Re-write the given program after correcting the bugs. (REM to add record in an existing file)

[2]

Buggy program:

REM to add record in an existing file
OPEN "student.dat" FOR OUT AS #2
TOP
INPUT "Enter Name, Class and Roll No."; SName$, C, RN
INPUT#2, SNames$,C,RN
INPUT "More records"; YS
IF UCASES(YS)="Y" THEN GOTO POP
CLOSE #2
STOP
      

✓ Corrected Program

Bugs: (1) FOR OUT → should be FOR APPEND to add to existing file; (2) TOP → label should be POP:; (3) INPUT#2 → should be WRITE#2; (4) UCASES → UCASE$; (5) STOP → END

REM to add record in an existing file
OPEN "student.dat" FOR APPEND AS #2
POP:
INPUT "Enter Name, Class and Roll No."; SName$, C, RN
WRITE#2, SName$, C, RN
INPUT "More records"; YS
IF UCASE$(YS)="Y" THEN GOTO POP
CLOSE #2
END
        

7

तल दिइएको प्रोग्रामलाई अध्ययन गरी दिइएका प्रश्नहरूको उत्तर लेख्नुहोस् ।

Study the following program and answer the given questions:

[2×1=2]

DECLARE FUNCTION Count (A$)
CLS
INPUT "Enter any word"; W$
END

FUNCTION Count (A$)
  B=LEN(A$)
  C=0
  FOR i=1 TO B
    E$=MID$(C$,i,1)
    IF E$="A" OR E$="E" OR E$="I" OR E$="O" OR E$="U" THEN
      C=C+1
    END IF
  NEXT i
  Count=C
END FUNCTION
      

(a) प्रोग्राम रन गर्न main module मा छुटेको स्टेटमेन्ट लेख्नुहोस् ।

(a) Write down the missing statement in the main module to execute the program.

✓ Answer

The missing statement is calling the function and printing the result. After INPUT "Enter any word"; W$, add:

C = Count(W$)
PRINT "Count of vowels: "; C

Missing statement: C = Count(W$) and PRINT C

(b) माथिको प्रोग्राममा प्रयोग भएका कुनै दुई string function हरू लेख्नुहोस् ।

(b) List any two string functions used in the above program.

✓ Answer

LEN(A$) — returns the length (number of characters) of string A$
MID$(C$, i, 1) — extracts a substring of 1 character from position i

8

निर्देशन अनुसार रूपान्तर र हिसाब गर्नुहोस् ।

Convert / Calculate as per the instruction:

[4×1=4]

(i) (1503)₈ = (?)₁₆

✓ Solution

Step 1: Convert Octal to Binary (each octal digit → 3 bits) 1 5 0 3 001 101 000 011 → Binary: 001 101 000 011 = 001101000011 Step 2: Remove leading zeros: 1101000011 Step 3: Group into 4-bit nibbles from right: 0011 0100 0011 3 4 3 (1503)₈ = (343)₁₆

(1503)₈ = (343)₁₆

(ii) (101000101)₂ = (?)₈

✓ Solution

Group binary from right into sets of 3: 101 000 101 5 0 5 (101000101)₂ = (505)₈

(101000101)₂ = (505)₈

(iii) (1010 + 1101)₂ − (110)₂

✓ Solution

Step 1: Add 1010 + 1101 1010 + 1101 ------ 10111 Step 2: Subtract 110 10111 - 110 ------- 10001 (1010 + 1101)₂ − (110)₂ = (10001)₂

= (10001)₂

(iv) (100111)₂ ÷ (110)₂

✓ Solution

(100111)₂ ÷ (110)₂ Convert to decimal: 100111 = 32+4+2+1 = 39 110 = 4+2 = 6 39 ÷ 6 = 6 remainder 3 Quotient = (110)₂ , Remainder = (11)₂

Quotient = (110)₂, Remainder = (11)₂

9

तलका प्रश्नहरूको उत्तर लेख्नुहोस् ।

Answer the following questions:

(a) कुनै एक कोठाको लम्बाइ, चौडाइ र उचाइ मागी उक्त कोठाको आयतन र परिमिति पत्ता लगाउने QBASIC प्रोग्राम लेख्नुहोस् । Function procedure प्रयोग गरी परिमिति र Sub procedure प्रयोग गरी आयतन पत्ता लगाउनुहोस् ।

(a) Write a program in QBASIC that asks length, breadth and height of room and calculate its perimeter and volume. Create a Function procedure to calculate perimeter and Sub procedure to calculate volume. [HINT: Volume = LxBxH and perimeter = 2(L+B)]

[4]

✓ QBASIC Program

DECLARE FUNCTION Perimeter (L, B)
DECLARE SUB Volume (L, B, H)
CLS
INPUT "Enter Length: "; L
INPUT "Enter Breadth: "; B
INPUT "Enter Height: "; H
PRINT "Perimeter = "; Perimeter(L, B)
CALL Volume(L, B, H)
END

FUNCTION Perimeter (L, B)
  Perimeter = 2 * (L + B)
END FUNCTION

SUB Volume (L, B, H)
  V = L * B * H
  PRINT "Volume = "; V
END SUB
          

(b) एउटा sequential data file "std.dat" मा केही विद्यार्थीहरूको नाम, रोल नं. र क्रमश: अंग्रेजी, नेपाली, गणित र कम्प्युटर विषयका अङ्कहरू भण्डारण गरिएका छन् । कम्प्युटर विषयमा ४० भन्दा बढी अङ्क प्राप्त गरेका विद्यार्थीहरूका सम्पूर्ण विवरणहरू प्रदर्शन गर्ने प्रोग्राम लेख्नुहोस् ।

(b) Write a program to read data from the sequential data file "std.dat" which contains student's name, roll no. and marks of English, Nepali, Maths, and Computer of few students. Display all information of those students whose marks in computer is more than 40.

[4]

✓ QBASIC Program

CLS
OPEN "std.dat" FOR INPUT AS #1
WHILE NOT EOF(1)
  INPUT #1, Name$, RollNo, Eng, Nep, Math, Comp
  IF Comp > 40 THEN
    PRINT Name$, RollNo, Eng, Nep, Math, Comp
  END IF
WEND
CLOSE #1
END
          

10

सी ल्याङ्वेजको प्रयोग गरी input गरिएको कुनै दुई फरक अङ्कहरू मध्ये ठूलो अङ्क पत्ता लगाउने प्रोग्राम लेख्नुहोस् ।

Write a program in C-language that asks for any two different input numbers and finds the greatest number among them.

[4]

✓ C Program

// C program to find greatest of two numbers
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
    int a, b;
    printf("Enter two numbers: ");
    scanf("%d %d", &a, &b);
    if (a > b)
        printf("Greatest number is: %d\n", a);
    else
        printf("Greatest number is: %d\n", b);
    return 0;
}
        

10

अथवा (Or)

Write a program in C-language to display the series with their sum: 1, 2, 3, 4, ……, up to 10th term.

[4]

✓ C Program (Series with Sum)

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
    int i, sum = 0;
    printf("Series: ");
    for (i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
        sum = sum + i;
        printf("%d ", i);
    }
    printf("\nSum = %d\n", sum);
    return 0;
}
        

Sum = 1+2+…+10 = 55

💻 SEE 2081 — Computer Science